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Category: Emotions (Page 1 of 2)

Why We Absorb Other People’s Emotions

Have you ever walked into a room where someone was tense and suddenly felt tense yourself? Or finished a conversation with an overwhelmed friend only to realize that you were now carrying some of that same heaviness?

There is a psychological basis for this experience. Emotional contagion describes the tendency for emotions to spread between people through facial expressions, tone of voice, body language, and other interpersonal cues (Hatfield et al., 1994). This process can happen subtly, sometimes before we consciously recognize that another person’s emotional state is influencing our own.

Emotional responsiveness is an important part of human connection. It allows us to recognize distress, respond empathically, and understand one another. But being sensitive to another person’s emotions is different from assuming responsibility for them. When those boundaries become blurred, we may begin adjusting our behavior constantly to prevent another person’s disappointment, anger, sadness, or anxiety.

Family systems theory offers another useful concept: differentiation of self. Bowen (1978) described differentiation as the capacity to remain emotionally connected to others while maintaining one’s own thoughts, feelings, and sense of self. It isn’t emotional detachment. Rather, it allows us to say, in effect: “I can recognize what you’re feeling, care about what you’re experiencing, and still remain grounded in myself.”

The goal isn’t to feel less for others. It’s learning where their emotional experience ends and yours begins.

References:

Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. Jason Aronson. Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1994). Emotional contagion. Cambridge University Press.

Why Growth Often Feels Invisible

Many people expect growth to feel dramatic. We imagine confidence arriving all at once or healing appearing as a clear turning point. In reality, psychological growth is often gradual and difficult to notice while it’s happening.

Research on learning and behavior change suggests that improvement tends to occur through repeated experiences and small adjustments over time rather than sudden transformation (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997). Because these changes happen incrementally, our brains often adapt to them quickly and stop noticing them.

This is similar to how we rarely notice a child growing taller from one day to the next. Growth becomes visible only when we compare the present to a more distant past. Emotional growth works much the same way. Becoming more patient, resilient, or self-aware often happens beneath the surface long before we recognize it consciously.

One way to support this process is to periodically reflect on where you were six months or a year ago. Looking back can reveal progress that daily life tends to hide.

References

Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F. (1997). The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. American Journal of Health Promotion, 12(1), 38–48.

Why Self-Compassion Feels So Difficult

Many people find it easier to be compassionate toward others than toward themselves. A person may comfort a struggling friend with patience and understanding, yet respond to their own mistakes with harsh criticism. This pattern is so common that many individuals mistake self-criticism for responsibility or motivation, believing that being hard on themselves will push them to improve.

Psychologist Kristin Neff describes self-compassion as treating yourself with the same care, understanding, and humanity you would offer someone you love (Neff, 2003). Self-compassion does not mean avoiding accountability or pretending everything is fine. Instead, it involves recognizing that mistakes, setbacks, and emotional pain are part of being human. Research shows that people with higher levels of self-compassion tend to experience lower levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout while also demonstrating greater emotional resilience (Neff & Germer, 2013).

One reason self-compassion can feel uncomfortable is because many people associate softness with weakness. In cultures that emphasize productivity and achievement, gentleness toward oneself may feel undeserved unless it has been “earned” through success. However, studies suggest that chronic self-criticism activates the brain’s threat system, increasing stress responses and emotional exhaustion over time (Gilbert, 2009). Compassion, in contrast, helps activate systems associated with safety, emotional regulation, and connection.

Learning self-compassion often begins with small shifts in language. Instead of asking, “Why am I like this?” after a mistake, a person might ask, “What do I need right now?” Instead of assuming failure means inadequacy, they might recognize that struggling is part of growth. Self-compassion does not remove challenges from life, but it changes the emotional environment in which those challenges are faced. And sometimes, that softer environment is exactly what allows healing to begin.

 

References

Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind: A new approach to life’s challenges. New Harbinger Publications.

Neff, K. D. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032

Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self‐compassion program. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21923

Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind: A new approach to life’s challenges. New Harbinger Publications.

Neff, K. D. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032

Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self‐compassion program. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 69(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21923

Positivity Isn’t Fake — It’s Fuel

Positive thinking isn’t about ignoring reality — it’s about choosing where to place your attention. Our brains are evolutionarily wired to detect threats, which helped early humans survive but now often amplifies stress, anxiety, and burnout in modern life.

Deliberate attention training — like noticing a kind word, a moment of peace, or a small win — helps us develop what neuroscientists call positive neuroplasticity. This refers to the brain’s ability to reshape itself through repeated focus on beneficial experiences (Hanson, 2013).

Research shows that even a few minutes a day spent savoring positive experiences leads to measurable improvements in wellbeing. In one study, participants who engaged in loving-kindness practices experienced increased life satisfaction, decreased symptoms of depression, and improved physical health (Fredrickson et al., 2004).

Positivity doesn’t mean denying difficulties — it means making space for what’s good too. That small shift in focus can be a powerful force for emotional resilience and renewal.

Takeaway: Notice the good. Let it land. You’re not being unrealistic — you’re building strength.

 

References

Fredrickson, B. L., Cohn, M. A., Coffey, K. A., Pek, J., & Finkel, S. M. (2008). Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1045–1062. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013262
Hanson, R. (2013). Hardwiring happiness: The new brain science of contentment, calm, and confidence. Harmony Books.

When the Seasons Affect Our Mood: Understanding Winter Changes

In the past two weeks, a couple of patients told me something similar: their mood felt “off,” even though nothing stressful was happening in their lives.

One patient noticed she felt more tired after the time change. The sun set earlier, and her body slowed down. Even though she still did her chores and met her responsibilities, she caught herself calling it “laziness.” Together, we talked about how this feeling was real, but the label didn’t match the facts. Sometimes our bodies get tired earlier because of changes in sunlight, not because we’re doing anything wrong.

Another patient shared that he recently felt more distracted, unsure of himself, and unusually emotional. His work and home life were steady, yet he found himself searching for explanations—Why do I feel this way? Did something go wrong? We discussed how the mind often tries to “fill in the blanks” when mood changes, even if nothing in life has changed. Sometimes the cause is biological, not personal.

In both cases, I explained that many people notice mood shifts when the seasons change. This experience is common, and it doesn’t mean they are failing or losing progress. It simply means their bodies and brains are responding to the environment.

This is where Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) becomes important to understand.

What Is Seasonal Affective Disorder?

Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a type of depression that follows a pattern based on the seasons. Most people think SAD only happens in winter, but research shows it can happen in any season—winter, spring, summer, or fall—depending on the person (American Psychiatric Association, 2022).

How Common Is It?

  • About 1–5% of adults experience SAD each year.
  • Up to 20% experience a milder form often called the “winter blues” (Melrose, 2015).

Why Does It Happen?

Scientists explain SAD using a few key ideas:

  1. Less Sunlight = Body Clock Changes
    When daylight hours shrink, our internal clock can get out of rhythm. Research shows that light is the main signal that resets the brain’s “master clock,” which helps control sleep, mood, and energy (Czeisler & Gooley, 2007).
    Without enough morning light, we may feel tired, foggy, or low in mood.
  2. Serotonin Levels Drop
    Serotonin helps regulate mood. Darker days can lower serotonin activity.
  3. More Melatonin
    Longer darkness can cause the body to release more melatonin, leading to sluggishness.

Is It Always Winter-Related?

Not always. Some people have summer-pattern SAD, where too much heat or sunlight affects sleep and mood (Rosen et al., 1990).

What Helps?

Research supports several treatments:

  • Light therapy using a special lamp (Lam et al., 2006).
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy made for SAD (CBT-SAD).
  • Vitamin D, though results are mixed and should only be taken with medical guidance (Gloth, Alam, & Hollis, 1999).

How You Can Support Your Mood 

During Winter

Here are simple, research-supported steps you can take:

1. Notice Your Seasonal Pattern

Pay attention each year:

  • Do you feel more tired or discouraged during winter?
  • Do earlier sunsets affect your energy?
  • Do you assume low energy means something is “wrong”?

Awareness helps prevent negative self-talk.

2. Get Sunlight in the Morning

Your brain needs light to reset its internal clock—this is backed by circadian rhythm research showing that morning light helps regulate mood and energy (Czeisler & Gooley, 2007).

Try:

  • 5–10 minutes of morning sunlight
  • Going outdoors soon after waking
  • Sitting near a window if outdoor time isn’t possible

This is something both of my patients found helpful once they tried it.

3. Move Your Body

Exercise boosts mood and energy.
You don’t need an intense routine—start with:

  • A short walk
  • Light stretching
  • A few minutes of strength work

Consistency matters more than intensity.

4. Stay Connected

Winter and the holidays can make people feel lonely.
Try to maintain simple connections:

  • A weekly check-in
  • A walk with a friend
  • Time with supportive people

Connection protects emotional health.

5. Talk With a Doctor About Vitamin D

Low Vitamin D may affect mood for some people, but the research is mixed.
Because supplements can be overused, talk with a medical provider before taking any (Gloth et al., 1999).

6. Be Kind to Yourself When Energy Drops

Feeling tired does not mean you are failing.
Sometimes your body is reacting to the season.

Before blaming yourself, consider whether winter changes might be influencing your mood.

7. Prepare for Your Harder Months

If you notice a yearly pattern, plan ahead:

  • Start light therapy early
  • Lower unnecessary commitments
  • Build in more rest
  • Strengthen routines that help you feel grounded

Planning gives you control before mood shifts begin.

Seasonal mood changes are normal and very common. They do not mean you are weak, lazy, or doing something wrong. Our bodies respond to sunlight, temperature, sleep changes, and rhythm shifts. When you understand this, you can replace self-blame with self-care. And as we saw in both therapy sessions, awareness helps people feel more hopeful and less confused about their emotional experiences.

 

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.).

Czeisler, C. A., & Gooley, J. J. (2007). Sleep and circadian rhythms in humans. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 72, 579–597.

Gloth, F. M., Alam, W., & Hollis, B. (1999). Vitamin D vs broad spectrum phototherapy in the treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder. Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 3(1), 5–7.

Lam, R. W., Levitt, A. J., Levitan, R. D., Enns, M. W., Morehouse, R., Michalak, E. E., & Tam, E. M. (2006). The Can-SAD study: A randomized controlled trial of bright light therapy and fluoxetine in Seasonal Affective Disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(5), 805–812.

Melrose, S. (2015). Seasonal Affective Disorder: An overview of assessment and treatment approaches. Depression Research and Treatment, 2015, 1–6.

Rohan, K. J., Sigmon, S. T., & Dorhofer, D. M. (2003). Cognitive-behavioral factors in Seasonal Affective Disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(5), 993–1004.

Rosen, L. N., Targum, S. D., Terman, M., Bryant, M. J., Hoffman, H., Kasper, S. F., & Wehr, T. A. (1990). Prevalence of Seasonal Affective Disorder at four latitudes. Psychiatry Research, 31(2), 131–144.*

The Healing Power of Awe

What Is Awe?
Awe is a complex, often overlooked emotion that arises when we encounter something vast, beautiful, or beyond our understanding. This can include experiences in nature, art, music, spirituality, or even witnessing acts of moral courage or kindness. Unlike joy or excitement, awe tends to shift our focus away from ourselves and toward something larger—creating a sense of humility, openness, and perspective.

How Awe Affects Mental Health
Research in the field of positive psychology has found that awe can play a significant role in improving mental well-being. According to Keltner and Haidt (2003), awe has the power to “quiet the self,” reduce rumination, and shift attention away from ego-driven concerns. More recently, Sturm et al. (2023) demonstrated that awe can lower symptoms of anxiety and depression, increase social connection, and even promote a physiological “reset,” such as slower breathing and reduced heart rate.

Experiencing awe may also help individuals build psychological resilience. When you feel awe, your usual worries can shrink in comparison to the vastness of what you’re witnessing. This “small self” perspective has been linked to increased generosity, improved mood, and greater life satisfaction (Piff et al., 2015).

Everyday Awe: It’s Closer Than You Think
Awe doesn’t require a mountaintop or a symphony orchestra. It can be as simple as watching clouds drift, listening to music that moves you, stargazing on a quiet night, or noticing how sunlight hits your kitchen table. Even recalling a memory that once filled you with wonder can evoke awe and its calming effects.

One of the most beautiful things about awe is its accessibility—it costs nothing, requires no schedule, and asks only for your attention. By pausing, observing, and allowing yourself to be moved by something greater, you create space for healing, clarity, and deep emotional restoration.

References:

Keltner, D., & Haidt, J. (2003). Approaching awe, a moral, spiritual, and aesthetic emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 17(2), 297–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930302297

Piff, P. K., Dietze, P., Feinberg, M., Stancato, D. M., & Keltner, D. (2015). Awe, the small self, and prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(6), 883–899. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000018

Sturm, V. E., Willroth, E. C., Mitchell, L., & Shiota, M. N. (2023). Awe and anxiety: An integrative review of the evidence and implications for clinical practice. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1151682. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1151682

Finding Light in September: Recovery, Prevention, and Hope

September is more than the transition from summer to fall. It’s a month dedicated worldwide to two deeply important themes in mental health: Suicide Prevention Awareness and Recovery Awareness. Both serve as reminders that mental health touches every one of us—directly or indirectly—and that hope and healing are possible.

Changing the Narrative on Suicide

The conversation around suicide has long carried stigma and silence. Yet research shows that open, compassionate dialogue is protective. When individuals feel seen and heard, their risk decreases (Chu et al., 2017). This year’s international theme, “Changing the Narrative on Suicide,” emphasizes shifting the focus from fear and judgment to understanding and support.

Too often, suicide is discussed only after a tragedy. Prevention means building everyday cultures of care where emotional struggles are normalized, not hidden. Friends, coworkers, and family members don’t need to have all the answers—they simply need to show up. Even small gestures, like checking in with a text or asking “How are you, really?” can communicate value and belonging.

Importantly, suicide prevention should never single out or spotlight individuals as “at risk” in a way that isolates them. Instead, it reframes the responsibility as collective. Just as public health campaigns around seatbelts or smoking reduced harm through shared action, shifting narratives around suicide can foster widespread resilience and safety.

Recovery Is Real

Alongside prevention, September also marks National Recovery Month. The 2025 theme, “Recovery is REAL: Restoring Every Aspect of Life,” reminds us that recovery from substance use or mental health challenges is not only possible but common.

Recovery is multidimensional. It’s not only about abstaining from substances or managing symptoms—it’s about reclaiming identity, purpose, and relationships. Research highlights that connection to supportive communities significantly improves recovery outcomes (Best & Laudet, 2010). Employment opportunities, creative expression, spirituality, and physical health are equally vital to the journey.

Recovery is not linear. It includes setbacks, restarts, and unexpected detours. But each step forward is proof that change is real. As one study notes, relapses are not failures but often turning points toward stronger long-term stability (Kelly & Greene, 2014). Celebrating progress—rather than perfection—can keep hope alive.

What We Can Do Together

  • Listen without fixing. Offering presence and non-judgmental listening often matters more than immediate solutions.
  • Normalize help-seeking. Just as we wouldn’t hesitate to see a doctor for chest pain, reaching out for emotional pain should be seen as strength.
  • Create safe spaces. Workplaces, schools, and community groups can model openness by incorporating mental health check-ins, resource posters, and staff training.
  • Share resources. Knowing where to turn in moments of crisis can make all the difference.

Resources for Support

  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline (U.S.) – Call or text 988 anytime.
  • SAMHSA Helpline – 1-800-662-HELP (4357) for mental health and substance use support.
  • National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) – nami.org for education, support groups, and advocacy.

Final Note

September invites us not to turn the spotlight on vulnerability, but to widen the circle of compassion. By changing the way we speak about suicide, and by celebrating stories of recovery, we remind ourselves and others that no one is alone in this journey. Hope is not abstract—it is lived, shared, and real.

References

Best, D., & Laudet, A. (2010). The potential of recovery capital. RSA Projects. https://www.thersa.org/globalassets/pdfs/reports/mental-health-and-recovery-report.pdf

Chu, C., Buchman-Schmitt, J. M., Stanley, I. H., Hom, M. A., Tucker, R. P., Hagan, C. R., Rogers, M. L., Podlogar, M. C., Chiurliza, B., & Joiner, T. E. (2017). The interpersonal theory of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a decade of cross-national research. Psychological Bulletin, 143(12), 1313–1345. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000123

Kelly, J. F., & Greene, M. C. (2014). Where there’s a will there’s a way: A longitudinal investigation of the interplay between recovery motivation and self-efficacy in predicting treatment outcome. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 28(3), 928–934. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034727

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2020). Treatment and recovery. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.samhsa.gov

Anhedonia

Have you ever found yourself losing interest in things you used to love—like a favorite hobby, music, or time with friends? This is called anhedonia, a term that describes the reduced ability to feel pleasure. It’s a common symptom of depression, but it can also appear in anxiety, trauma-related conditions, burnout, and even after major life stress.

Anhedonia is more than just feeling sad or bored—it can feel like a disconnect between what you know you used to enjoy and what you actually feel in the moment. This can lead to isolation, low motivation, and even guilt (“Why can’t I enjoy anything?”).

On the opposite side of the spectrum is hedonism, which emphasizes seeking pleasure, enjoyment, and comfort. While a balanced amount of pleasure-seeking can improve well-being, anhedonia is a signal that the brain’s reward system needs extra support—like a “low battery” warning.

Why It Matters

Recognizing anhedonia early can help prevent it from deepening into a more serious mental health concern. Understanding that this is a symptom, not a personal failing, is the first step toward change.

What You Can Do

  • Start Small: Pick one simple, low-effort activity you used to enjoy (listening to a favorite song, sipping tea, stepping outside for a minute) and try it daily, even if you don’t feel like it.
  • Move Your Body: Physical activity, even gentle stretching or walking, can re-engage the brain’s pleasure pathways.
  • Connect with Others: Social connection helps regulate mood, even if you start with a brief call or message to someone you trust.
  • Track Your Mood: Keep a journal of activities and rate your enjoyment from 1–10. This can show patterns and gradual improvement.
  • Seek Support: If anhedonia lasts more than a couple of weeks or interferes with work, relationships, or daily functioning, talk to a mental health professional. Treatments like therapy and medication can be very effective.

Action Step: This week, schedule just one enjoyable activity—no matter how small—and commit to showing up for it. Consistency can “retrain” your brain to feel joy again.

Self-Care is Free, Tapping Your Credit Card Is Not Necessary

Have you ever seen an ad with someone standing barefoot in the grass, simply breathing in the fresh air and connecting with the world around them? Probably not. That’s because no company will pay for it without selling anything! But how often do you see ads promising happiness through an expensive getaway, a luxury meal, or a trendy wellness product? All the time.

This contrast came to mind during a recent therapy session with a patient. Edward came into session completely drained—not just from recovering after being sick, but from carrying the weight of everything at once: marriage tension, communication struggles, parenting responsibilities, and job demands. The stress had built up over time, and now, even small conversations with his wife sparked defensiveness and misinterpretation.

Throughout the session, he repeated these two sentiments frequently: feeling exhausted and overwhelmed, as if they were everything that consumed him every day—as if he were completely helpless. So, I asked him how he had been taking care of himself. His answer was simple and honest.

Dr. Ferrer: “How do you take care of yourself when everything feels overwhelming?”
Edward: “About two weeks ago, I went on a short vacation by myself at Joshua Tree. I dreaded driving back home. But since then, I’ve not done anything.

Dr. Ferrer: Besides all the responsibilities you take care of, what other activities do you do that are entirely for yourself?

Edward: Well, I guess I take a nap while my daughter is at daycare or when she’s also asleep. I take a shower and that feel refreshing. I play my drums or the guiatar, but I haven’t done that in a while.”
Me: “That’s good. Did any of those moments feel helpful to you?”
Edward: “They did… but I didn’t think of them as self-care.”

That last line stuck with me. He was doing things that clearly helped him cope—but he didn’t label them as self-care. Because of that, they didn’t feel like they counted. As we kept talking, three key ideas came into focus—ideas that shaped my observation, that I processed with him, and that I want to share with you in this article.

Spending on Self-Care

In American culture, it seems that self-care has often been co-opted by consumerism, where it’s equated with indulgent lifestyle purchases. This commodification of care can obscure the original intention of self-care, especially for individuals under chronic stress, caregiving burdens, or systemic pressures.

In their analysis of wellness culture, Johnston and Goodman (2015) argue that contemporary self-care is deeply intertwined with neoliberal ideologies, where wellbeing is viewed as an individual’s responsibility and proof of productivity—even in rest. Spending money on oneself becomes the legitimized way to signal that one is “doing it right.” This mindset can inadvertently devalue simple but biologically and emotionally restorative practices—like grounding, napping, breathing, or pausing—because they don’t come with a receipt.

Furthermore, psychologist Dr. Laurie Santos, who teaches Yale’s popular “Science of Well-Being” course, points out that happiness and wellbeing are not strongly correlated with material consumption, despite what marketing suggests. Her course—and its evidence-based framework—stresses the impact of gratitude, mindfulness, and social connection, which cost nothing but offer substantial returns on wellbeing (Santos, 2019).

When self-care is linked to cost, we miss out on the value of the care we already give ourselves for free. Consequently, we end the day thinking we didn’t do anything for ourselves, even if we did. Edward had taken care of himself in real, practical ways, but he equated self-care with the solo camping trip he took a few weeks ago—something that clearly had cost him. Since returning, he was just experiencing exhaustion because he was only paying attention to the demands of his responsibilities. This connects with what psychologists call the negativity bias—the brain’s habit of focusing more on what’s wrong than what’s right (Baumeister et al., 2001). If we fail to notice the good we’re doing for ourselves, we’re left with the false impression that we’re only surviving, not living or being.

Edward shared that when he rests—especially in the middle of the day—he sometimes feels lazy. Even if he’s tired. Even if he’s earned that break. Even if he needs it. This shame around rest is deeply rooted in our culture. In America, rest often feels like something we have to justify. Productivity is praised. Doing nothing is questioned. Dr. Laurie Santos, who teaches The Science of Well-Being at Yale University, reminds us that real wellbeing comes from basic human needs—sleep, mindfulness, connection—not performance or image (Santos, 2019). But when rest makes us feel guilty, it becomes harder to actually receive its benefits.

Research shows that simple, accessible practices—gratitude, movement, rest, connection—have the strongest effects on mental health. We don’t need more stuff. We need more space to notice the care we already give ourselves, and to let it be enough.

Consider This

Edward’s small acts—lying down, playing music, taking a shower—were self-care. But he didn’t recognize them as such, so he kept feeling like he hadn’t done anything for himself. That’s what I want us to shift.

You are likely already doing things that care for your body and mind. But if you don’t let them count, they’ll feel invisible. And when self-care feels invisible, burnout becomes inevitable. You don’t need a plane ticket to care for yourself. You don’t need a receipt. You need rest. You need breath. You need moments that nourish you, even if no one else sees them. Especially if no one else sees them.

So today, when you brush your teeth slowly, or rest your eyes for a minute, or simply lie in silence for a few breaths—say to yourself, this is self-care. But, what other activities can you engage in today that you give attention to and is free—meaning, you don’t have to tap your credit card or smart watch to obtain the product or services you think will make you feel well?

Read more from Rizaldy R. Ferrer, Ph.D.


References

Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5(4), 323–370. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323

Johnston, J., & Goodman, M. K. (2015). Spectacular foodscapes: Food celebrities and the politics of lifestyle mediation in an age of inequality. Food, Culture & Society, 18(2), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2015.1023766

Santos, L. (2019). The Science of Well-Being [Online course]. Yale University. https://www.coursera.org/learn/the-science-of-well-being.


Disclaimer: The information provided in this newsletter is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical or mental health advice. If you are experiencing any mental health issues, please seek professional help. The author of this blog is not liable for any damages or injuries that may result from the use of the information provided here.

When applicable, the names, gender identification, location and/or other identifiable characteristics have been modified to maintain privacy and confidentiality; whilst, still maintaining the integrity of their stories and narratives.

The Weight of Unworthiness, and the Work of Healing

Have you ever asked yourself, “What’s wrong with me?” or thought, “I don’t deserve good things”? If so, you’re not alone. Many people, especially those going through depression or anxiety, struggle with feeling unworthy.

But where do these feelings come from? And more importantly, how can we begin to change them?

Let’s take a closer look.

What “Feeling Unworthy” Really Means

Feeling unworthy is more than just having a bad day. It’s a deep belief that you’re not good enough—not smart enough, lovable enough, successful enough, or simply not enough.

Psychologists call this low self-concept clarity—it means you’re unsure of who you are and what makes you valuable (Campbell et al., 2003). When this happens, it’s easy to doubt your worth, compare yourself to others, or feel like you’re constantly falling behind.

Where These Feelings Often Come From

People who feel unworthy usually don’t just wake up one day and feel that way. These thoughts often start early and build over time. Based on research and what people share in therapy, here are some common reasons:

  • You were criticized or ignored as a child
    (“I only got attention when I messed up.”)
  • You had to care for others before yourself
    (“My feelings didn’t matter.”)
  • You were only praised for achievements
    (“If I wasn’t perfect, I felt like a failure.”)
  • You were bullied or rejected
    (“Others made me feel small.”)
  • You compare yourself constantly
    (“Everyone else seems to be doing better than me.”)
  • You experienced trauma or abuse
    (“I thought I caused it… I must be bad.”)

These experiences can shape the way we think about ourselves—even long after they’re over (Brown, 2006; Herman, 1992).

You Can Start Rebuilding Your Worth—One Day at a Time

The good news? You can begin healing—not all at once, but with small steps. Here are simple, daily activities (5–15 minutes) that can help rebuild your sense of worth.

1. Say Something Kind to Yourself in the Mirror (5 min)

Look yourself in the eye and say one true, positive thing.
Example: “I’m doing my best, and that counts.”
This builds self-compassion, which helps reduce shame and social anxiety (Neff & Vonk, 2009).

2. Write a Short “I Am” List (5 min)

Each day, write 3 words that describe you right now.
Example: “I am tired, thoughtful, and trying.”
This helps increase self-concept clarity—knowing and accepting who you are (Campbell et al., 2003).

3. Practice a Brave Choice (5–10 min)

Speak up in a group, share your opinion, or say no when needed.
These “small brave acts” help rebuild confidence, especially in social situations (Clark & Wells, 1995).

4. Reach Out to Someone (10 min)

Text someone and say: “Can I share something I’ve been thinking about?”
Even one real connection a day can reduce loneliness and build self-worth (APA, 2019).

5. Take a Quiet Walk Alone (15 min)

Leave your phone. Pay attention to your steps, your breath, and your surroundings.
This helps you feel grounded and notice your own presence—a key part of developing identity.

6. Affirm What You Value (5 min)

Write one sentence each day:
“Today, I lived out my value of ____ by doing ____.”
Living by your values gives your life direction—and boosts your self-trust (Creswell et al., 2005).

You’re Not a Problem to Fix—You’re a Person to Care For

Healing doesn’t mean becoming a “perfect” person. It means becoming a person who can say, “I’m allowed to take up space.”

You are not broken—you’re becoming.

References 

American Psychological Association. (2019). Relationships and self-esteem: How they grow together. https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2019/09/relationships-self-esteem

Brown, B. (2006). Shame resilience theory: A grounded theory study on women and shame. Families in Society, 87(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3483

Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., & Lehman, D. R. (2003). Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(5), 895–908. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.895

Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R.G. Heimberg et al. (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). Guilford Press.

Creswell, J. D., et al. (2005). Affirmation of personal values buffers neuroendocrine and psychological stress responses. Psychological Science, 16(11), 846–851. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01624.x

Herman, J. L. (1992). Trauma and recovery. Basic Books.

Neff, K. D., & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-compassion versus global self-esteem: Two different ways of relating to oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.x

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